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Archaeologist

Dig up buildings and objects from the past and share what you learn from them so people can learn more about history.

Also known as: archaeological surveyor

About the job

What it's like

You would dig up buildings and objects from the past and share what you learn from them so people can learn more about the past.

You'd carefully uncover old buried buildings, settlements and objects in archaeological digs. You'd look for traces of the people who lived there - things like pottery, jewellery, bones, coins, seeds and animal remains.

Your discoveries would help people understand more about how the past influences our lives today. You'd help to preserve the past by assessing what impact new developments will have on historic sites.

You would:

  • Identify possible sites to study with aerial photos, field-walks and surveys

  • Excavate old buried buildings, settlements and objects

  • Record finds and sites with photos, detailed notes and drawings

  • Identify, date and classify finds

  • Clean and preserve finds in a laboratory

  • Use laboratory analysis, for example carbon dating

  • Use computers to produce simulations of the way a site or artefact would have looked

  • Preserve industrial buildings

  • Check planning applications and identify the impact of development on archaeological sites

  • Make sure that important sites, buildings and monuments are protected and preserved

  • Classify, display and look after artefacts in a museum

You might also carry out research, write about your work for publication in books and journals or teach at a university or college.

You would probably focus on a particular geographical area, for example Ancient Egypt, a period of history like Roman, or a type of artefact such as pottery or coins.

Archaeologists work for a range of government agencies, public sector organisations and museums. Others work for small, independent units or are self-employed as consultants.

Hours

You will usually work around 37 hours a week, although this could vary if you are working on a dig. Temporary contracts are common.

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Top skills

Skills are things you're good at. Whether you know what yours are or not, everyone has them!

It's useful to learn which ones are important in a job so you know the areas you need to brush up on. It can also help you work out if you're suited to a career.

Top specialised skills

These are the top specialised skills that have been found in job vacancies across Scotland. From March 2024 to March 2025.

  • archaeology
  • enterprise planning systems
  • prehistory
  • planning permission
  • spatial planning
  • sustainable development
  • development management
  • appeals
  • geographic information systems
  • project planning
Source: Based on vacancy data from Lightcast

Meta skills

Here are some of the meta skills you'll need to do this job.

  • understanding
  • managing resources
  • developing a plan
  • filtering
  • attention to detail
  • researching
  • observation
  • written communication
  • working with technology
  • cooperating

Your skills are important

Our unique skillsets are what make us stand out from the crowd. Learn about each skill in depth and discover what employers look for in your applications and interviews.

Discover skills

Getting in

Explore each section to find more information about getting into this career.

Colleges and universities will list subjects you'll need for entry to a course. Some useful subjects include:

  • Classical Studies

  • Geography

  • History

  • Latin

A degree (SCQF Level 9/10) in a relevant subject and postgraduate qualification (SCQF Level 11) in archaeology.

To enter an archaeology degree requires National 5s and four to five highers.

To enter an archaeology postgraduate qualifications usually requires an Honours Degree at 2:1 or above in a related subject.

Entry to an Archaeology degree is competitive. You will need qualifications and experience that show a strong interest in history, physical fitness and involvement in an outdoor activity such as involvement in Young Archaeologists Club (YAC) or volunteering on an excavation site.

Check out Volunteer.scot to find opportunities.

See the Council for British Archaeology (CBA) and Archaeology Scotland for more information.

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